凌庄子水厂保水堰流量系数试验

凌庄子水厂蓄水池进水口处有一保水堰,为非标准薄壁堰,不能使用已有堰流公式对其过流量进行准确计算。为了得出较为精确的过流流量,按照重力相似准则制作几何比尺为1∶5的模型进行试验研究。在已有自由出流公式的基础上,对自由出流流量系数进行修正并对淹没情况下流量变化过程进行研究。对该非标准堰自由出流流量系数的实测值与经验值进行分析比较,发现堰板槽降低了实际自由出流过流能力。淹没出流的流量系数主要与下游尾水位有关,试验中形成的淹没式堰流受实际堰型尺寸影响,下游尾水位和堰上水位近似相等,不完全适用已有淹没出流流量公式,通过试验给出了修正淹没系数随h/p的变化关系。结果表明利用堰前、堰后水位初步计算过流流量是可行的,可为该工程提供参考,也可为实际工程中非标准矩形堰的流量计算提供思路。     

In-situ synthesis of 15R-Sialon from Al-Si3N4-Al2O3 composite at 1500°C via liquid-phase sintering

In this study, alumina-based composite with 12 wt% Al and 16 wt% Si₃N₄ was designed to achieve the synthesis of 15R-Sialon reinforced alumina composite. To investigate the reaction mechanism, two-step sintered Al-Si₃N₄-Al₂O₃ samples at different temperatures ranging from 600°C to 1500°C were prepared and characterized via X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results revealed that 15R-Sialon was synthesized at 1500°C through a novel liquid Si phase sintering and Si₃N₄ played as a precursor and a reactant. First, Si₃N₄ precursor reacted with Al to form intermediate phases AlN and Si, which were not further transformed below 1400°C. When the sintering temperature was 1500°C, the formed Si presented as a liquid phase, under the influence of which plate-like15R-Sialon was generated from Al₂O₃, residual Si₃N₄, and derived AlN. The obtained Si was also involved in the synthesis of 15R-Sialon and completely transformed. In addition to the AlN from Si₃N₄, the AlN deriving from the nitridation of Al may not react with liquid Si. Compared to 15R-Sialon from liquid Si, plate-like 15R-Sialon with smaller size was generated from AlN, SiO, and O₂.     

电工用铝包殷钢钢丝时效工艺探讨

电工用铝包殷钢钢丝在生产过程中需要经过一个关键环节时效处理.因其化学成分的特殊性,殷钢无法像普通钢丝一样进行等温淬火处理获得索氏体组织.为消除剥壳拉拔环节造成的加工硬化,提升殷钢钢丝的综合性能,保证铝包殷钢线在拉拔过程中的综合成材率和性能指标满足市场需求,采取了不同的时效处理方式.对比研究电炉时效、铅浴连续时效两种时效处理方式,分析殷钢钢丝经两种时效处理后的工艺性能差别.     

A novel profile with high efficiency for hydrogen-circulating Roots pumps used in FCVs

Low flow rate is one of the primary disadvantages of Roots pumps when they are applied in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. A novel profile for Roots pumps was developed in this paper to increase the working volume and reduce the internal leakage. The available range of the design parameters of the Roots pump with the new profile was determined analytically, and an improvement in the working volume was validated. The flow dynamics inside the traditional and new pumps were investigated by experiments and numerical simulations. The analytical results indicated that the maximum area utilization of the new profile was approximately 10.4% higher than that of the traditional profile at the same lobe number. The numerical results demonstrated the superiority of the proposed profile in high flow rate and sealing. The tip concentric arcs of the new profile reduced the internal leakage via the radial gap. The characteristic of multipoint meshing within a certain range of rotational angles reduced the interlobe leakage.     

连采掘进巷道稳定性控制技术探讨

以寺河矿W2305工作面为背景,分析了连采掘进巷道群的稳定性和巷间煤柱的合理留设宽度,设计了连采掘进巷道强力锚网与锚索联合支护技术,并优化巷道支护作业流程,现场工程应用表明巷道变形仅占断面尺寸的很小比例,能够满足矿井生产服务需要.     

基于云平台的智能实验室远程监控系统

针对实验室管理中存在的安全问题,提出并设计了一种基于云平台的智能实验室远程监控系统.利用FRID技术对进出人员信息进行记录.在实验室内安装温度传感器和湿度传感器,把实验室内的环境数据上传至云平台,当温度传感器和湿度传感器检测到实验室环境参数异常时,云平台将实验室的数据信息及时反馈到当时正在值班的管理员的移动电话端上,提示实验室可能存安全隐患.烟雾传感器可以检测实验室的烟雾浓度和可燃气体.实验表明,系统可以在不同环境下正常工作,且运行可靠,反馈给云平台的数据和检测到的实验室环境参数准确,有助于提高实验室安全性.     

矿用液压支架顶梁焊接变形控制措施实践研究

文章以ZF13000型液压支架顶梁结构的焊接过程为例,详细介绍了自动化焊接对钢板变形的影响。结果发现:自动化焊接时,钢板之间虽然没有相互约束,但由于自动化焊接过程的稳定性,且利用胎架对顶板进行固定,有效避免了焊接过程中钢板的变形,其最大变形量严格控制在了4 mm范围内。该方案值得进一步推广使用。     

Effects of particle sizes on performances of the multi-zone steam generator using waste heat in a bio-oil steam reforming hydrogen production system

Hydrogen production by bio-oil steam reforming is an advanced production technology. It is a good method of coupling waste heat utilization with bio-oil steam reforming to produce hydrogen, which increases the cleaning ability of the bio-oil steam reforming system. A multi-zone steam generator using waste heat has been proposed, which can produce the heat source and steam source of the hydrogen system. The DEM model of the multi-zone steam generator was set up. The model has been used to investigate the effects of particle sizes (40 mm–80 mm). With increasing particle size, the flow index and the flow uniformity gradually decrease, the vertical velocity gradient increases in the area on both side with the zone steam generator, and the vertical velocity fluctuation amplitude gradually increases. So, the hydrogen production decreases from the particle size increasing.     

Nymphoides peltatum as a novel feedstock for biomethane production via anaerobic co-digestion with waste sludge

Nymphoides peltatum (NP) is exploited as a novel feedstock for biomethane production via anaerobic co-digestion with waste sludge (WS). Batch experiments are conducted under mesophilic condition at NP/WS of 1/3, 2/2, 3/1, 0/4 and 4/0 based on volatile solids (VS). Prior to anaerobic digestion (AD), NP undergoes only natural drying and grinding. The maximum net cumulative methane yield (265.16 mL CH₄·g VS_added^?1) and the highest gross VS removal rate (56.12%) are obtained at NP/WS of 1/3. The kinetic analysis by the modified Gompertz model fit hinted that 28 days is adequate for methane recovery and co-digestion significantly accelerates the digestion rate. Synergetic effect is corroborated to exist in co-digestion due to amiable conditions in term of total ammonia nitrogen, free ammonia, pH, volatile fatty acids and total alkalinity. High-throughput 16S rRNA pyrosequencing reveals that Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Methanosarcina and Methanosaeta are conducive to AD of NP.